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How to Create a Website from Scratch using Python

How to Create a Website from Scratch using Python: Web designing is an exciting field with a lot of opportunities for creativity and innovation. It can be daunting, however, for beginners to figure out where to start. In this article, we will take a step-by-step approach to how to create a website from scratch using Python. Python is a versatile language that can be used for a wide range of web development tasks, including server-side scripting, content management systems, and data analysis.

We will use the Flask micro-framework to create a simple web application. Flask is a lightweight framework that is easy to learn and use, making it ideal for beginners. We will also use HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to create the front-end of the website.

Step 1: Setting up the environment

Before we can start creating our website, we need to set up our development environment. This includes installing Python and Flask on our computer.

  1. Install Python: Python can be downloaded from the official website at https://www.python.org/downloads/. Choose the appropriate version for your operating system and follow the installation instructions.
  2. Install Flask: Once Python is installed, we can install Flask using pip, the package manager for Python. Open a terminal or command prompt and type the following command:
pip install Flask

This will install Flask and all its dependencies.

Step 2: Creating the Flask application

Now that we have Flask installed, we can start creating our web application. We will start by creating a basic Flask application that displays a simple message on the homepage.

  1. Create a new file called app.py and open it in your text editor.
  2. Import the Flask module:
from flask import Flask

Create a new instance of the Flask class:

app = Flask(__name__)

Define a route for the homepage (“/”):

@app.route("/")
def home():
    return "Hello, world!"

Finally, add the following lines to the end of the file:

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run()

This starts the Flask application and runs it on the default port (5000).

Save the file and run it using the following command:

python app.py

This will start the Flask development server and display the message “Hello, world!” when you visit http://localhost:5000 in your web browser.

Congratulations, you have created your first Flask application!

Also Read: How to Use SQL with Python

Step 3: Adding HTML templates

While the “Hello, world!” message is a good start, it’s not exactly a full-fledged website. To create a more dynamic website, we will need to use HTML templates.

  1. Create a new folder called templates in your project directory.
  2. Create a new file called home.html in the templates folder.
  3. Add the following HTML code to the home.html file:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>My Website</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Hello, world!</h1>
</body>
</html>

Modify the home function in app.py to render the home.html template:

@app.route("/")
def home():
    return render_template("home.html")

Add the following line to the top of app.py to import the render_template function:

from flask import Flask, render_template
  1. Save the file and refresh http://localhost:5000 in your web browser. You should now see the “Hello, world!” message displayed in the home.html template.

Step 4: Adding CSS styling

Now that we have a basic HTML template, we can start adding some CSS styling to make it look more visually appealing.

  1. Create a new folder called static in your project directory.
  2. Create a new file called style.css in the static folder.
  3. Add the following CSS code to the style.css file:
body {
    font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
    background-color: #f2f2f2;
}

h1 {
    color: #333;
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 50px;
}

Link the style.css file to the home.html template by adding the following line to the head section:

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{{ url_for('static', filename='style.css') }}">
  1. Save the files and refresh http://localhost:5000 in your web browser. You should now see the “Hello, world!” message displayed in a styled format.

Also Read: 50 Basic Python Coding Questions and Answers for Beginners

Step 5: Adding JavaScript interactivity

Finally, we can add some JavaScript code to make the website more interactive. In this example, we will add a button that changes the background color of the page.

  1. Add the following HTML code to the home.html template:
<button id="btn" onclick="changeColor()">Change color</button>

Add the following JavaScript code to the bottom of the home.html template:

function changeColor() {
    var body = document.querySelector("body");
    body.style.backgroundColor = "#ffcc00";
}

Save the files and refresh http://localhost:5000 in your web browser. You should now see a button that changes the background color of the page when clicked.

Full code for how to Create a Website using Python:

app.py (Python code)

from flask import Flask, render_template

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/')
def home():
    return render_template('home.html')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True)

templates/home.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>My Website</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{{ url_for('static', filename='style.css') }}">
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Hello, world!</h1>
    <button id="btn" onclick="changeColor()">Change color</button>

    <script type="text/javascript">
        function changeColor() {
            var body = document.querySelector("body");
            body.style.backgroundColor = "#ffcc00";
        }
    </script>
</body>
</html>

static/style.css

body {
    font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
    background-color: #f2f2f2;
}

h1 {
    color: #333;
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 50px;
}

Conclusion:

In this article, we have covered the basics of how to Create a Website from scratch using Python, Flask, HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. We started by setting up our development environment and creating a basic Flask application. We then added HTML templates, CSS styling, and JavaScript interactivity to create a more dynamic website. While this tutorial only scratches the surface of web development, it provides a good foundation for further learning and experimentation.

FAQs on How to Create a Website from Scratch using Python

  1. What is Flask?

    Flask is a micro-framework for web development in Python. It is lightweight and easy to learn, making it ideal for beginners.

  2. What is HTML?

    HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is the standard markup language for creating web pages. It defines the structure and content of a web page.

  3. What is CSS?

    CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a stylesheet language used to describe the presentation of a web page. It defines the layout, colors, fonts, and other visual aspects of a web page.

  4. What is JavaScript?

    JavaScript is a programming language used to add interactivity and dynamic behavior to web pages. It can be used for client-side scripting, such as validating form data or creating animations.

  5. What is a static file?

    A static file is a file that is served directly to the client without any server-side processing. Examples include CSS, JavaScript, and image files.

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Tazahindi Staff
Tazahindi Staffhttps://tazahindi.com
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